1. to 부정사 자리

[1] 주어 자리

To become an architect is my goal.

[2] 목적어 자리

I want to become an architect.

[3] 보어 자리

My dream is to become an architect.

[4] 수식어 자리

I have studied to become an architect.

2. to 부정사 역할

[1] 명사 역할 : 동사하기, 동사 하는 것

To arrive on time is very important.

Jennifer refused to change her opinion.

Her goal is to hand in reports this week.

[2] 형용사 역할 : 동사 할, 동사해야 할, 동사하기 위한

Ms. Akashi has an urgent meeting to attend.

[3] 부사 역할 : 하기 위해서

To buy supplies, we need approval from the director.

3. to 부정사를 필요로 하는 동사들

[1] 동사 + to 부정사

agree, hope, promise, choose, learn, refuse, decide, offer, want, fail, plan, wish

The congressmen agreed to aid small enterprises.

Some people refuse to pay their income taxes.

[2] 동사 + 목적어 + to 부정사

ask, invite, remind, encourage, permit/allow, want, force, persuade, warn

The manager encouraged us to think creatively.

The guard allowed me to enter the building.

4. 동명사 자리

[1] 주어 자리- 문장 맨 앞에

[2] 목적어 자리- 동사 뒤에

[3] 보어 자리- be동사 뒤에

[4] 전치사 뒤- without, on, by 등 전치사 뒤에

※ 예외

- 전치사 뒤에 to부정사가 올 수 있는 경우

be about to동사: 막 동사할 참이다

She is about to cry.

5. 동명사를 필요로 하는 동사들

[1] 동사 + 동명사

avoid, enjoy, postpone, consider, finish, recommend, deny, give up, suggest

The entrepreneur considered buying the hotel.

Teenagers enjoy listening to music online.

☆ 중요 개념!!

문장이 능동일 때 목적어 자리에 to부정사를 쓸 수 없다.

[2] 동사 + 동명사 / to 부정사

attempt, hate, love, begin, intend, prefer, continue, like, start

They continued producing textiles.

They continued to produce textiles.

6. 동명사를 포함하는 표현들

[1] 동명사의 관용 표현

It is no use –ing

feel like –ing

be busy –ing

go –ing

be capable of –ing

keep(on) -ing

be worth –ing

on –ing

have difficulty(in) -ing

spend+시간/돈+ -ing

I feel like having pizza.

I had difficulty communicating in English.

We spent a lot of time collecting information.

[2] ‘전치사 to + 동명사’표현

be committed to –ing

contribute to –ing

be devoted to –ing

look forward to –ing

be used to –ing

object to –ing

I look forward to meeting you.