4강. 대명사

♣ 대명사의 종류

♣ 인칭대명사

1. 인칭대명사

♦ 인칭대명사의 격에 따라 오는 자리

♦ 소유대명사

Oh! my face!→ mine

Oh! your face!→ yours

Oh! his face!→ his

Oh! her face!→ hers

Oh! their faces!→ theirs

Oh! our faces!→ ours

Oh! its face!

♦ 주격/목적격 VS 소유대명사

She attended the meeting.→ 주격

Hers is malfunctioning.→ 소유대명사

I invited her.→ 목적격

I repaired hers.→ 소유대명사

♦ 재귀대명사

1)주어=목적어

Bob introduced himself to the new employee.

2)강조

We ourselves must take precautions against the flu.

3)특정표현

I spent a whole weekend by myself.

2. 지시대명사

[this these that those]

♦ 유형 정리

1)“ _____ 명사”→ 지시형용사

this+단수명사 This CD player is under warranty.

that+단수명사 That bridge shows signs of wear.

these+복수명사 These clothes are made of silk.

those+복수명사 Those watches are best-selling items.

2)“[비교] _____ 수식어(of/from)”→ 지시대명사

① that

Our printer is cheaper than that (printer)of our competitor.

Her face is smaller that of a celebrity.

② those

This week’s review are better than those(reviews)from last week.

Her eyes look like those of a deer.

3. 부정대명사

1)some/any

긍정문 The printer has some problems.

부정문 I have not read any of these books.

의문문 Do you have any questions?

조건문 If you have any questions, please ask.

2)one/another/other

① 2개: one - the other

I have two candies.

한 캔디는 빨간색, 다른(나머지)캔디는 파란색

→ One candy is red, and the other candy is blue.

Jim bought two shirts. One is black and the other is white.

② 3개 이상: one- another - other(s)/the other(s)

I have many candies.

한 캔디는 빨간색, 또 하나의 캔디는 파란색+다른 캔디들은 초록색/나머지 캔디들은 초록색

→ One candy is red, and another candy is blue, other candies are green./the other candies are green.

The company has many branches.

One is in Florida, another is in New York and others are in California.

Ms. Lee met five clients. One is Korean, another is French, and the others are British.

☺ 부정대명사 ‘one/another/other’는 아무리 봐도 헷갈려요. 뜻만 외워가지고는 절대 문제를 풀 수 없을 것 같아요. 가장 좋은 방법은 예문을 통해서 각각의 개념을 이해하는 것인데 강사님이 캔디의 색상을 예로 들어서 설명해주셨어요. 캔디의 색상이 두 가지일 때와 세 가지 일 때를 예로 들어서 구체적으로 설명해주신 덕분에 이들 세 부정대명사의 관계를 쉽게 이해할 수 있었어요.

4. 대명사와 명사의 일치

1)대명사와 명사의 수일치

The company celebrated (their, its) 20th anniversary.

The engineers fixed the machine by (himself, themselves).

Our products are superior to (that, those) of our rivals.

2)대명사와 명사의 성일치

Mr. Hart and (her, his) wife were invited to the reception.

Susan received an award from (his, her) boss.

The corporation proved (himself, itself) to be the best.