8강-동사의 형태와 종류

【동사의 5가지 형태】

【지동사와 타동사의 개념】

1)자동사

주어+동사+[아무것도 없음. 또는 수식어=부사=전명구]

ex)Mr. Morgan arrived early./at the airport.

2)타동사

주어+동사+[목적어=명사=동명사/to부정사]

ex)The company manufactures cellular phones.

【동사의 형태】

1)동사원형

① 조동사 뒤

Jane [should/can/may/must/need to/have to] (copies, copy)the report.

② 3인칭 단수를 제외한 주어

ex) I, you, cars, managers, bananas․

I (speaking, speak) English well.

2)3인칭 단수형: 3인칭 단수가 주어

ex)he/she/it, car, manager, banana

He (expect, expects) a growth in sales.

3)과거형: 주어와 상관없이

ex)he/she/(they), car(s), manager(s), banana(s)

Todd (receives, received) a prize last week.

Managers (receives, received) a prize.

4)현재분사형과 과거분사형

① be ~ing

ex)is sending(전송하는 중이다)

She is (read, reading) a book.

② be p.p

ex)is sent(전송되다)

The broken printer was (fix, fixed).

③ have p.p

ex)has sent(전송한 상태이다)

We have (buy, bought) a new car.

【자동사 VS 타동사】

1)자동사

I listen to music.(나는 음악을 듣는다.)

2)타동사

I hear music.(나는 음악이 들린다.)

【자동사와 타동사가 뒤에 목적어를 취하는 경우】

1)자동사+전치사+목적어

-account for

-depend on

-participate in

-agree to/with/on

-differ from

-react to

-care for

-listen to

-speak to

-deal with

-object to

-talk about

Jane (participated, participated in) a piano contest.

His proposal (differs, differs from) the previous one.

2)타동사+목적어

Our team (discussed about, discussed) the new advertisement.

Brian (explained about, explained) his plan to the manager.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 

【어휘편- 동사어휘3】

1)obtain: 얻다, 획득하다

A driver’s license is required to obtain a parking permit.

* 포인트

① 수동태+to부정사 짝꿍

주어 be required to 동사: 동사하기 위해서 주어가 요구된다.

② permit: 허가증

③ license: 면허

2)publish: 발행하다, 발표하다

Leon&Son will publish earnings reports today.

* 포인트

① earnings: 수익

② report: 보고서