11강-능동태와 수동태

【수동태의 형태】

1)~be+p.p.

2)~been+p.p.

3)~being+p.p.

ex)The letter was sent.

【능동태문장을 수동태문장으로 바꾸는 방법】

【능동태와 수동태 구별】

1)능동 뒤에는 목적어(명사구, 명사절)

2)수동 뒤에는 목적어 NO! 수식어(전명구, 부사)

The investigation was conducted by Ms. Murphy.

The resume should be submitted within a week.

* 능동과 수동 요약

① 능동

-She eats chicken.

-She is eating chicken.

-She has eaten chicken.

② 수동

-Chicken is eaten by her.

-Chicken is being eaten by her.

-Chicken has been eaten by her.

【수동태의 짝 표현】

1)be+p.p.+in: be engaged in, be involved in, be interested in

John is engaged in cancer research.

He was involved in the incident.

2)be+p.p.+to: be dedicated to, be exposed to, be related to

The secret was exposed to the media.

The work environment is related to productivity.

3)be+p.p.+at: be surprised at, be shocked at, be frightened at

We were surprised at his behavior.

The writer was shocked at the criticism.

4)be+p.p.+with: be(dis)satisfied with, be pleased with, be equipped with

We are pleased with the recent sales increase.

Each room is equipped with basic furniture.

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【어휘편-명사어휘1】

1)exception: 예외

Everyone, without exception, worked hard.

* 포인트: “명사를 제외하고”

① 전치사 ‘except’: except+명사

② 명사 ‘exception’: with the exception of+명사

2)discount: 할인

The store offers clients a 5 percent discount.

* 포인트: 형용사 2가지

① the discount price: 할인가

② the discounted price: 할인가

3)application: 지원서, 신청

competition: 경쟁

⇒ 사물/추상 명사

* 포인트

applicant: 지원자

competitor: 경쟁자/경쟁업체

⇒ 사람 명사

4)beneficiary: 수령인, 수혜자 ⇒ 사람 명사

* 포인트

benefit: 혜택 ⇒ 추상 명사