1. 대명사의 역할

2. 대명사의 종류

1) 인칭 → 주격 / 소유격 / 목적격

2) 재귀 → 조건, 역할, 숙어 표현 -self

3) 지시 → 관용 표현

4) 부정대명사 → 종류 / 품사 / 의미

1 인칭대명사의 격

1) ____ 동사 → 주격 / 소유대명사

He is better

His is better (His + N)

2) 타동사 / 전치사 ____ → 목적격 / 재귀 / 소유대명사

Kevin likes him.☞ Kevin은 [다른 남자]를 좋아한다.

Kevin likes himself. ☞ Kevin은 [자기 자신]을 좋아한다.

Kevin likes his. ☞ Kevin은 [다른 사람의 것]을 좋아한다.

3) 타동사 / 전치사 ____ 명사 → 소유격

The boss liked ____ report. his/your N

4) give / grant / offer / send ____ 명사 → 목적격

give [their / them] a chance → give a chance to them

5) 소유격 + 명사 = 소유대명사 (주어 / 목적어 / 보어)

My major is physic while [she / her / hers] is art.

소유대명사가 보이면 해석

The boss liked him.

The boss liked his. (his report)

<숙어 표현>

my friend = a friend of mine → 나의 친구

her colleagues = colleagues of hers → 그녀의 동료들

an acquaintance of [his / him / himself] → 그의 지인

on my(one's) own = by my self → 혼자 / 홀로

2 재귀대명사

<재귀대명사 = 거울 대명사>

myself / itself / himself / herself

ourselves / themselves / yourself / yourselves

1) 목적어 ★2) 부사역할 (의미 강조)

** 사용 가능한 조건인지 우선 확인

Gil likes himself.

Gil likes him/her/me/them.

※ 목적어의 역할

Bill always treats himself to a coffee in the morning. (Bill = himself)

Bill always treats him to a coffee in the morning. (Bill ≠ himself)

※ 부사적 용법 - 주어나 목적어 강조

The president himself announced the new economic reform policy [himself].

명령문에서 주어를 강조할 때는 'yourself'

Complete the form yourself.

※ 재귀대명사 관련 관용 표현

· by oneself 홀로, 혼자 힘으로 = on one's own

· of itself 저절로

· in itself 본질적으로

· prove / show oneself + 동사 원형 ~임을 증명하다

· commit oneself to + 명사/동명사 ~하는데 헌신하다

Gil proved [him / himself] to be a competent manager.

3 지시대명사 / 지시형용사

· this / that → 이것 / 저것 + 단수/불가산

· these / those → 이것들 / 저것들

★※ that / those는 앞에 나온 명사를 대신해서 사용한다.

→ Jim's resume is more impressive than that [of the other applicant].

→ The least expensive beef products in the supermarket are those [imported from Australia].

※ those는 '~한 사람들'이란 의미로도 쓰인다. (부정대명사)

뒤에 1) who 2) 분사 3) 전치사구가 온다

Those (who are) faced with the problem are

Those (who are) involved in the project are

Those (who are) in love are

Those (who are) with a pass are

* N + P.P(과거분사) - 주격 관계 대명사 / be 동사 생략

Those [who submitted an entry on time] are eligible to win a substantial cash prize.

+ 불특정한 사람 다수 those who are / 불특정한 사람 1명 anyone who is

※ 지시 형용사 - this / that / these / those

→ This seminar has been canceled.

→ Those mountains are popular hiking areas.

[어휘]

take steps 조치를 취하다

The negotiator has taken steps to reach a compromise with members of the union.

take (preventive) steps / actions / measures [예방] 조치를 취하다

familiarize oneself with ~에 익숙하게 하다, ~에 정통하다

Ms. Lee familiarized herself with the revised contract terms prior to the client meeting.

be familiar with = be acquainted with ~에 정통하다

be outfitted with ~을 갖추고 있다

Every hotel room is outfitted with a safety deposit box to secure guests' valuables.

= be equipped with

outfit A with B A에게 B를 갖추게하다

commit oneself to ~에 전념하다, ~을 떠맡다

Islands Airlines has committed itself to improving the level of customer satisfaction.

1. 전치사 to 다음에 명사나 동명사가 온다

2. dedicate / devote oneself to ~에 전념하다